While HDMI is only intended to connect one device to one display, DisplayPort can be used to connect the same device to multiple displays. Both can carry HD quality digital video and audio signals, including support for High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP), which is required for certain types of DRM-protected HD or Blu-ray content, and which is not supported by DVI. HDMI is ubiquitous; it is found in most modern LCD and LED TVs, DVD recorders and players, set top boxes and monitors. DisplayPort is less popular in spite of being royalty-free but can be found on Apple's iMac desktops and MacBooks (Apple's Thunderbolt ports natively support Mini DisplayPort) and Microsoft's Surface Pro.
Comparison chart
 | DisplayPort | HDMI |
|---|---|---|
 |  | |
| General Specification | Hot pluggable, external, 20 pins for external connections and 30/20 pins for internal. Video, audio and data signals. | Hot pluggable, external, digital video and audio signal, 19 or 29 pins. |
| Type | Digital audio/video/data connector | Digital audio/video connector |
| Designer | VESA, a large consortium of manufacturers (includuing Panasonic, Silicon Image, Sony, and Toshiba) | HDMI Founders (Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony, and Toshiba). Spec now controlled by Silicon Image Subsidiary HDMI Licensing, LLC. |
| Produced | 2006–present | 2002–present |
| Audio signal | Optional; 1–8 channels, 16 or 24-bit linear PCM; 32–192 kHz sampling rate; maximum bitrate 36,864 kbit/s (4,608 kB/s) | LPCM, Dolby Digital, DTS, DVD-Audio, Dolby Digital Plus, Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD High Resolution Audio, DTS-HD Master Audio, MPCM, DSD, DST, Dolby Atmos, DTS:X |
| Introduction (from Wikipedia) | DisplayPort is a digital display interface developed by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). The interface is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor, though it can also be used to transm | HDMI is a compact audio/video interface for transferring uncompressed digital audio/video/data from an HDMI-compliant device (the source) to a compatible digital audio device, computer monitor or video projector |
| Hot pluggable | Yes | Yes |
| Designed | May 3rd, 2006 | April 16th, 2002 |
| External | Yes | Yes |
| Manufacturer | Several, including Apple Microsoft | HDMI Adopters (over 1,100 companies) |
| Pins | 20 pins for external connectors on desktops, notebooks, graphics cards, monitors, etc. and 30/20 pins for internal connections between graphics engines and built-in flat panels. | 19 |
| Video signal | Optional, maximum resolution limited by available bandwidth | Maximum resolution limited by available bandwidth |
| Data signal | Yes | Yes |
| Bitrate | 1.62, 2.7, 5.4, 8.1, or 20 Gbit/s data rate per lane; 1, 2, or 4 lanes; (effective total 5.184, 8.64, 17.28, 25.92, or 77.37 Gbit/s for 4-lane link); 2 or 720 Mbit/s (effectively 1 or 576 Mbit/s) for the auxiliary channel. | Up to 48 Gbit/s, as of HDMI 2.1a |
| Protocol | Micro-packet | TMDS, Fixed Rate Link (FRL) |
| Capabilities | Can stream upto Ultra HD (4k x 2k) at 60Hz | Max resolution is 10k @ 120hz, HFR, VRR, DSC, QMS, QFT, ALLM, 48gbit/s |
| Licensing cost | Royalty-free | $10,000 per high-volume manufacturer plus $0.04 per device |
| Bandwidth | 21.6 Gbit/s | 10.2 Gbit/s |
| Stands For | DisplayPort | High Definition Multimedia Interface |
| Signal through cables | Digital | Digital |
| Compatibility | HDMI, DVI and VGA with converters | Compatible with DVI, VGA and DisplayPort with converters. |
| Introduced by | VESA | HDMI Founders (Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony, and Toshiba). Spec now controlled by Silicon Image Subsidiary HDMI Licensing, LLC. |
| Width | 16.10 mm (width) | Type A (13.9 mm), Type C (10.42 mm), Type D (6.4 mm) |
| Height | 4.76 mm (height) | Type A (4.45 mm), Type C (2.42 mm), Type D (2.8 mm) |
| Color format support | Y′CBCR 4:4:4, Y′CBCR 4:2:2, Y′CBCR 4:2:0, RGB, Y-Only | Y′CBCR 4:4:4, Y′CBCR 4:2:2, Y′CBCR 4:2:0, RGB |
| Color depth support | 16 bpc (48 bit/px), 12 bpc (36 bit/px), 10 bpc (30 bit/px), 8 bpc (24 bit/px), 6 bpc (18 bit/px) | 16 bpc (48 bit/px), 12 bpc (36 bit/px), 10 bpc (30 bit/px), 8 bpc (24 bit/px) |
Applications
DisplayPort is a digital display interface developed by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). DisplayPort was created to be a universal replacement for separate PC display interfaces including LVDS, DVI and VGA. The interface is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor, though it can also be used to transmit audio and other forms of data.
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a compact audio/video interface for transferring uncompressed video data and compressed/uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant device ("the source device") to a compatible digital audio device, computer monitor, video projector, or digital television. It is de-facto standard connecting high-definition (HD) equipment, from HDTVs and personal computers to cameras, camcorders, tablets, Blu-ray players, gaming consoles, smart phones, media players and just about any other device capable of sending or receiving an HD signal.
Capabilities
DisplayPort can stream up to Ultra HD (4k x 2k) at 60Hz. It can also serve up to 4 displays from 1 port. Multi-channel (1-8 channels) audio is optional. It has twice the bandwidth of 21.6 Gbit/s compared to HDMI’s 10.2Gbit/s. DisplayPort 1.2 supports all common 3D video formats. It also includes HDCP (optional) as well as DisplayPort Content Protection (DPCP).
| Resolution | |
|---|---|
| Quad HD (QHD) | 2560 x 1440 |
| Quad Full HD (QFHD) (4K) | 3840 x 2160 |
| Ultra HD (8K) | 7680 x 4320 |
HDMI 1.4 increases the maximum resolution to 4K × 2K , i.e. 3840 × 2160p (Quad HD) 24 Hz/25 Hz/30 Hz or 4096 × 2160p at 24 Hz (which is a resolution used with digital theaters). It supports 3D , and version 2.0 will also support more than the current 8 channels of audio . HDMI comes with High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP), due to which an HDMI source such as a Blu-ray player may demand HDCP-compliance of the display, and refuse to output HDCP-protected content to a non-compliant display.
Both HDMI and DisplayPort can interoperate with each other and with other ports like VGA or DVI using the respective adaptors.
Types
Types of HDMI connectors
HDMI connectors are of 5 types:
| HDMI Connector Types | Defined in | No. of pins | Usage | Compatible to |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type A | HDMI 1.0 | 19 | All HDTV, EDTV and SDTV models | Single link DVI-D |
| Type B | HDMI 1.0 | 29 | Very high resolution displays-WQUXGA | Dual link DVI-D |
| Type C (mini connector) | HDMI 1.3 | 19 | Portable devices | Type A conenctor using typeA-to-typeC cable |
| Type D (micro connector) | HDMI 1.4 | 19 | - | - |
| Type E | HDMI 1.4 | - | Automotive (locking tab keeps the cable from vibrating loose, shell helps prevent moisture and dirt) | Relay connector for connecting to standard cables |
Types of DisplayPort connectors
Mini DisplayPort (mDP) is a standard announced by Apple in Q4 of 2008. In Q1 2009, VESA announced that Mini DisplayPort would be included in the DisplayPort 1.2 specification. On 24 February 2011, Apple and Intel announced Thunderbolt, a successor to Mini DisplayPort which adds support for PCI Express data connections while maintaining backwards compatibility with Mini DisplayPort based peripherals.
References
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